​Summary of IEU-CEPA Key Chapters:1. Trade in GoodsThe agreement aims to eliminate the vast majority of tariffs and facilitate trade.Tariff Elimination: The EU will eliminate tariffs on approximately 80% of Indonesian tariff lines upon entry into force. Indonesia will eliminate tariffs on 98.5% of EU tariff lines (mostly upon entry into force or with a 5-year phase-out).Benefits for the EU: Reduction of high tariffs (up to 50%) on key sectors such as automobiles, machinery, chemicals, and pharmaceuticals, with an estimated saving of over €600 million in customs duties for EU exporters.Benefits for Indonesia: Improved access to the EU market for products such as palm oil (with duty-free quotas), textiles, and footwear.Rules of Origin: Precise rules have been agreed to ensure that only products significantly processed in the EU or Indonesia benefit from tariff preferences.2. Technical Standards and Trade FacilitationThe aim is to remove non-tariff barriers.Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT): Commitments to greater transparency and the use of international standards. The agreement aims to simplify labeling procedures and requires a minimum 60-day period for public comment on new technical regulations.Automotive Sector: Indonesia recognizes EU certifications (UNECE 1958 regulations), eliminating the need for duplicate testing.Customs and Facilitation: This chapter builds on the WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA), adding provisions for faster and more transparent customs procedures. It includes a Protocol on Mutual Administrative Assistance in Customs Matters to combat fraud.3. Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS)Improved predictability for agri-food exporters.Simplification: Clearer, faster, and more predictable import procedures.Regionalization: Commitment to allowing exports from EU disease-free zones in the event of limited animal diseases (rather than banning exports from the entire EU).Sensitive Agricultural Products: The agreement protects EU farmers: sensitive products such as rice, sugar, eggs, fresh bananas, and ethanol are excluded from liberalization, maintaining existing tariffs or providing limited quotas for other products (e.g., garlic and mushrooms).4. Services and Investment (Services and Capital)Opening the Indonesian market for service providers and a safer environment for EU investors.Services: Indonesia will open market access in key sectors such as financial services, postal services, telecommunications, and shipping. For the first time, Indonesia will allow 100% foreign ownership in sectors such as telecommunications and information technology services.Investments (IPA): The related Investment Protection Agreement (IPA) strengthens legal certainty for investors by including the Investment Court System (ICS) to replace the traditional Investor-State Dispute Settlement (ISDS).5. Intellectual Property (IP) and Geographical Indications (GI)Increased protection for brands and specialty foods.IP Protection: The agreement strengthens the protection and enforcement of intellectual property rights (trademarks, patents, copyrights), helping EU companies combat counterfeit products.Geographical Indications (GI): 221 EU Geographical Indications (GI) (food and beverage products) will be protected in Indonesia (such as Roquefort or Balsamic Vinegar of Modena), guaranteeing their authenticity.6. Energy, Raw Materials, and Digital TradeStrategic elements for the green and digital transition.Critical Raw Materials (CRM): Indonesia, as a major producer of CRMs such as nickel and cobalt, will provide the EU with more stable and predictable access, which is crucial for European supply chains (e.g., EV batteries). The agreement promotes cooperation for sustainable and transparent supply chains.Digital Trade: Includes a comprehensive package to facilitate digital trade, banning customs duties on electronic transmissions (a first for Indonesia).7. Sustainable Development (Trade and Sustainable Development - TSD)A strong pillar that links trade to environmental and social standards.Climate and Environment: The agreement establishes the Paris Agreement as a key element of the partnership. It includes commitments on forest conservation, biodiversity, and combating illegal wildlife trade. (ICE GIACARTA)

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